The former Director of the Department of State Services (DSS), Sir Dennis Amachree, has raised critical concerns over the growing reliance on vigilante groups as a stopgap measure for the nation’s deepening security crisis.

Speaking on the role and risks of vigilante groups in Nigeria, Sir Amachree acknowledged their emergence as a response to the stark absence of formal law enforcement in many rural communities but warned of the dangers they pose when left unchecked.

“Vigilante groups have become a visible presence in parts of the country where the state security apparatus is either stretched thin or nonexistent,” Amachree said.

“Their rise reflects the urgent need to address real security challenges, particularly in rural areas plagued by armed herders and bandits.”

State governments in several regions have turned to these informal security outfits as a way to combat violent crime, terrorism, and general lawlessness.

Amachree noted that in many areas, these groups serve as the first line of defense for communities, especially in the face of marauding armed herders and increasing banditry. While they fill a critical gap, he warned that their growing presence has come with serious consequences.

“There have been disturbing reports of extrajudicial killings, torture, and other human rights abuses carried out by these groups,” he said.

“Many members lack formal policing training, which significantly increases the likelihood of rights violations and the escalation of violence.”

The former intelligence chief emphasized that while vigilante groups may offer community-based security solutions, the lack of oversight and accountability raises serious red flags.

To mitigate these dangers, Amachree urged state governments to approach the deployment of vigilante groups with caution and responsibility.

He advocated for a standardized training curriculum for all members, focusing on human rights, community policing principles, and non-violent conflict resolution.

“Training alone isn’t enough. There must be clear reporting lines for misconduct, as well as established procedures for escalating suspicious activities to official law enforcement,” he said. “Vigilantes should only apprehend suspects and must never act as judge and executioner.”

Beyond the structural reforms, Amachree pointed to broader social issues as the root causes of insecurity.

He called on the government to invest in economic empowerment programs and improved social services to address poverty and unemployment, factors that often push individuals toward crime.

He also stressed the need for greater national unity.