‘Implementation of Oronsaye Report is vital to reduce high cost of governance’

Prof. Jasper Ikpesu is the Assistant Director and Head of Health Safety and Environment (HSE) and General Services Department (GS) at the Petroleum Training Institute (PTI), Effurun, Delta State. A professor of Occupational Health and Safety, he received a professorial award from the prestigious Highstone Global University, Texas, United States of America (USA) in 2024. He spoke with OLUDARE RICHARDS on the challenges facing the country’s occupational health and safety space, the Tax Reform Bills, among other issues.

Can you briefly introduce yourself?
I am Prof. Jasper Ejovwokoghene Ikpesu.I was born into the Akaite/Igbo family in Ekrurivie of Okorhi Inland and Unuacho Ewhubare family of Okpara both in Ethiope East Local Government Area, Delta State.

Tell us about your academic career?
My academic career in Health Safety and Environment (HSE) began with my earning an ANST Level Two in Non-Destructive Testing (NDT); B.Sc. in Physics; M.Sc in Solid State Physics and Ph.D in Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering (Nanoparticles Specialist). I was certified in these areas also in the U.S., Canada, and Turkey. I was awarded the best researcher in 2018 out of 5,205 nominees from 65 countries and received the “Novelty Prize: Father of Modern Industrial Safety in Toxicology”. This award came from the article I published from my M.Sc. research work in Delta State University (DELSU).

I am a product of School of Medicine, University of Lagos (UNILAG) where I bagged Post Graduate Diploma in HSE Management and PhD from the University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa. I am an expert with two patents yet to be published.

I am currently working as Assistant Director/Head of Health Safety and Environment (HSE) and General Services Department at Petroleum Training Institute,  Effurun, Delta State.

You recently earned an academic professorial award from Highstone Global University, Texas, U.S. Tell us more about the award?
To God be the glory, I was awarded a Professor of Occupational Health and Safety by Highstone Global University,Texas, USA. I was nominated, shortlisted, screened like every other professor. I was among the first selected five professors out of about 25 nominated. If you Google my name you will see my little contributions to the academic world, which led to my nomination. It was a mind blowing event on August 24,2024, at the University of Lagos (UNILAG), when I gave my first inaugural lecture. People who did not know the difference between an award and degree are confounded over this global recognition. The Nigerian system allows them to work with their Pass and Third Class in their organisations continually. What a shame. This set of people always stand against any suggestions that will move their organisations forward. They don’t pursue certification and they don’t want your organisation to train or certify you. Self development is not a crime; do yours to balance the system.

As a Professor of Occupational Health and Safety, what do you see as major challenges facing Nigeria’s health, safety and environmental space?
There are many challenges facing Nigeria’s health, safety and environmental space. Nigeria’s healthcare system is plagued with inadequate healthcare infrastructure, outdated equipment and shortage of skilled healthcare
professionals. Moreover, Nigeria has high incidents of infectious diseases like HIV/AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis. Nigeria’s industrial sector is plagued by a high rate of accidents resulting in injuries and fatalities due to inadequate emergency responses. Our environmental space is also bedeviled with incessant building collapses, pollution and environmental degradation particularly in the Niger Delta Region.

Climate change is another factor. Nigeria is vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, which include rising temperature and changing rainfall patterns. Other factors include inadequate waste management practices, which leads to pollution and health risks. In addition to this are socio-cultural challenges, limited access to education and information, poverty and economic restraint. These often limit the ability of Nigeria to adopt health safety and environmental best practices. These challenges require a multi-faceted approach that includes governments, industry, civil societies and individuals.  Investment in infrastructure, institutions and human capacity is also required.

The Nigerian economy is in dire straits currently. Would you say the present administration is doing enough to change the narrative?
The Nigerian economy has indeed faced significant challenges in recent years. The economy has struggled with challenges of diversification. Over reliance on oil exports has made it vulnerable to the global market.

Secondly, high inflation rate has affected the purchasing power of citizens. Rising unemployment, particularly among youths, is another factor. Inadequate infrastructure such as roads and power is also another challenge. And persistent corruption is hindering economic growth and development.

The Tinubu administration has implemented various initiatives aimed at diversifying the economy, promoting agriculture, and improving infrastructure. While the current administration has made efforts to address the economic challenges, the pace of progress has been slow, and the impact is yet to be fully felt. To change the narrative, the administration needs to accelerate infrastructure development, putting emphasis on critical infrastructural projects to improve the business environment; enhance economic diversification and support non-oil sectors, such as agriculture, manufacturing and services. It should improve the business environment by simplifying regulations, reducing bureaucratic hurdles, promoting transparency and strengthening institutions by ensuring accountability and implementing effective anti-corruption measures.

Do you see any hope in the administration’s Renewed Hope Agenda?
The Renewed Hope Agenda of the Tinubu administration has been in motion for about 18 months now. This has been integrated into the National Development Plan (2021 – 2025). While it’s still early days, there are some promising developments.

One notable initiative is the National Agency for Science and Engineering Infrastructure (NASENI)’s efforts to drive industrial innovation and technology transfer in Nigeria. Under President Tinubu’s administration, NASENI has launched several projects, including the “Irrigate Nigeria” project, aimed at enhancing mechanised farming.

Additionally, the administration has taken steps to address energy challenges. In terms of education, the administration has disbursed N34 billion to over 300,000 students via the Nigeria Education Loan Fund (NELFUND) and has made provision for N826.90 billion for education in the 2025 Budget.

While these developments are encouraging, it’s essential to acknowledge that the journey is far from over. The administration still faces significant challenges in addressing the country’s economic, security, and infrastructure issues.

Ultimately, whether the Renewed Hope Agenda has brought hope to Nigerians depends on individual perspectives and expectations. However, it’s clear that the administration is taking steps to address some of the country’s pressing challenges. I hereby advise the administration to focus on the implementation of the National Development Plan (2021 – 2025).

Do you think the removal of fuel subsidy by the president on his first day in office was the right decision?
President Tinubu’s decision to remove the fuel subsidy on his first day in office was a bold move, but whether it was the best decision is debatable. According to Tinubu, the removal of the subsidy was necessary to prevent Nigeria from going bankrupt and to reset the economy. He believed it was a difficult but crucial decision to make, despite knowing it would cause initial hardship.

However, the removal of the subsidy led to a significant increase in commodity prices, exacerbating hardship in the country. Critics argue that the policy was not well thought out, and its implementation was too abrupt. On the other hand, the administration claims that the subsidy removal has engendered accountability, transparency, and physical discipline for the country. It’s also worth noting that the administration has taken steps to cushion the effect of the subsidy removal on vulnerable populations. Ultimately, whether the decision was the best one will depend on how the economy and the country fare in the long run.

Many prominent Nigerians are calling on the government to reduce the cost of governance. What is your take on this?
It is splendid to say that reducing the cost of governance is a pressing issue in Nigeria, and it’s great to see prominent Nigerians advocating for change.

The current cost of governance is unsustainable, with recurrent expenditure exceeding capital expenditure, leading to reduced investment in infrastructure, employment, and economic growth.

The Oronsaye Report, which recommends merging, scrapping or restructuring Federal Government agencies, is a step in the right direction. Implementing this report could save the government around ₦1 trillion and promote a more efficient and effective government structure.

However, reducing the cost of governance requires a more comprehensive approach. It’s essential to address the root causes, such as duplication of functions. Many agencies have overlapping responsibilities, leading to wastage and inefficiency. Moreover, corruption is a significant contributor to the high cost of governance, and tackling it requires stringent penalties such as an independent judiciary, state and local government restructuring. Reducing the cost of governance at the federal level is just the beginning; the state and local governments must also streamline their structures and activities.

To achieve meaningful reform, the government must demonstrate strong political will, transparency, and a commitment to accountability. By addressing these challenges, Nigeria can reduce the cost of governance and allocate resources more efficiently thereby promoting economic growth and development.

The Donald Trump administration has given a marching order to illegal immigrants. About 3,500 Nigerians are reportedly affected. How best do you think the Federal Government can handle the issue?
The Trump administration’s plan to deport illegal immigrants, affecting around 3,500 Nigerians, is a complex issue that requires a thoughtful approach from the Federal Government. Here are some steps the government can take:

Diplomatic engagement: The Nigerian government should engage in diplomatic talks with the U.S. government to negotiate a humane and orderly repatriation process. This could involve discussing alternatives to mass deportations, such as regularisation programmes or temporary protected status.

The government should provide support to affected Nigerians, including counselling, legal assistance, and help with logistics for those who need to return to Nigeria.

To reduce the incentive for irregular migration, the government should focus on creating economic opportunities and improving living standards in Nigeria. This could involve investing in education, job creation, and infrastructure development.

Nigeria should work with international organisations such as the International Organisation for Migration (IOM) to address the root causes of migration and develop sustainable solutions. Ultimately, a comprehensive approach that addresses the economic, social, and humanitarian aspects of this issue is crucial. By working together with the U.S. government, international organisations and other stakeholders, the Nigerian government can help mitigate the impact of this policy on its citizens.

Many foreign investors are relocating out of Nigeria due to the high cost of doing business. How best do you think the government should address the issue?
The high cost of doing business in Nigeria is a pressing concern that requires immediate attention from the government. To address this issue and prevent further relocation of foreign investors, the government should consider the following strategies:
Improve infrastructure such as providing a reliable and efficient power supply to reduce dependence on generators and lower energy costs. The government should invest in solar energy, hydroelectric power energy systems, gas to power systems and more. The government should upgrade transportation networks, develop and maintain good roads, modern railways, and ports to facilitate the movement of goods and people. It should enhance digital infrastructure by investing in high-speed internet, data centres and other digital infrastructure to support businesses.

It should also streamline regulations and processes such as simplifying business registration, making it easier and faster for businesses to register and obtain necessary permits thereby reducing bureaucratic hurdles, minimising the number of regulatory agencies and approvals required for businesses to operate; implementing a one-stop shop and creating a single platform for businesses to access all necessary services and information, among others. The government should also review and reduce taxes, levies, and other fees that contribute to the high cost of doing business.

Incentives such as tax breaks, subsidies or grants should be provided to attract and retain investors. It should also develop programmes to improve the skills and productivity of the workforce. For example, the Indian government invested massively in NDT capacity development a long time ago. Today, Indians dominate the NDT industry. The NDT industry is young and booming. The government should invest in capacity development of the citizens and in the nearest future it will be thinking of exporting NDT experts also.

The government should also enhance security and stability by strengthening law enforcement and security agencies to reduce crime and ensure a safe business environment. Improving the well-being of security personnel will go far in discouraging the involvement of the law enforcement agencies in illicit business. Priority should be given to promoting policy stability to maintain a stable and predictable policy environment to give investors confidence in the market.

Some strategies the government can adopt in promoting policy stability include institutional strategies. It should establish a clear policy framework; it should develop a comprehensive policy framework that outlines the government’s vision, goals, and objectives. It should strengthen institutions by ensuring that institutions responsible for policy-making are strong, independent, and accountable.

It should promote a culture of transparency and accountability in policy-making processes and conduct thorough policy impact assessments. It should conduct rigorous impact assessments to identify potential risks and opportunities; engage with relevant stakeholders, including citizens, businesses, and civil Society Organisations (CSOs) to ensure policies reflect their needs and concerns; develop and establish clear plans for policy implementation, including timelines, budgets, and responsible agencies, among others.

Above all, the government should adopt social, economic, technological and international strategies to attract and encourage foreign investors.

Many Nigerian youths believe in getting rich quick by dabbling into cybercrime, drug trafficking and ritual killings. How would you advise youths involved in these crimes?
Quick wealth and fame can be tempting, especially for the youth. However, the following messages will resonate with Nigerian youths:

Youths are the future leaders and change-makers of Nigeria. The country needs their energy, creativity, and innovative spirit to drive positive change and development. Quick wealth is not worth risking your future. Cybercrime, drug trafficking, and ritual killings are not only illegal but also morally reprehensible. These activities can lead to severe consequences, including imprisonment, damage to your reputation, and harm to your loved ones. There are legitimate and fulfilling ways to achieve success. Youths must focus on developing their skills, education, and personal growth. They should explore opportunities in various fields, such as technology and innovation. Nigeria has a thriving tech industry, with many start-ups and entrepreneurs making positive impact.

Secondly, youths should consider starting their own businesses, providing solutions to real-world problems, and creating jobs for others. Our youths can use their talents creatively. Nigeria is rich in creative talents, with opportunities in music, art, fashion, and more.

They can also contribute to Nigeria’s food security and sustainable development by exploring careers in agriculture, environmental science, and conservation.  Youths have the power to create positive change.
As a young person, you have a unique perspective and energy that can drive innovation and progress. So, youths should use their talents, skills, and creativity to mentor and inspire others; they can share their knowledge and experiences with younger ones, and encourage them to pursue their passions.

They can contribute to community development through volunteer work, and help address social and environmental issues, among others. Youths should remember that success is a marathon, not a sprint. Focus on building a strong foundation, and be patient with your progress. Celebrate your small wins, and learn from your setbacks.

There is demand for the creation of 31 new states before the National Assembly. What’s your take on this?
The proposal to create 31 new states in Nigeria is a complex and contentious issue. The following are some points to consider:

There are benefits such as increased representation. Creating new states could provide more representation for marginalised communities and ethnic groups.

Decentralisation of power: New states could lead to a more decentralized government, allowing for more local autonomy and decision-making. Economic development: New states could attract investment, create jobs, and stimulate local economies.

However, creating new states would require significant financial resources, which could divert funds from existing states and national priorities. Establishing new states would require setting up new governments, bureaucracies, and infrastructure, which could be administratively challenging.

Potential for conflict: The creation of new states could lead to conflicts over boundaries, resources, and identity.

Before new states can be created there must be key considerations such as constitutional amendment. Creating new states would require a constitutional amendment, which would need to be approved by two-thirds of the National Assembly and two-thirds of the state legislatures.

National dialogue: The proposal should be subject to a national dialogue, involving stakeholders from all regions and communities to ensure that the creation of new states reflects the will of the people.

Economic viability: The financial implications of creating new states should be carefully assessed to ensure that they are economically viable and sustainable.
However, while the proposal to create 31 new states has some potential benefits, it also raises significant concerns and challenges. Any decision should be based on careful consideration of the pros and cons, as well as a national dialogue and constitutional amendment.

In your academic journey, whom would you regard as your role model or mentor?
All the teachers or lecturers I had encountered that taught me, impacted me, and also influenced me one way or the other. I can never forget Prof. E. Atakpo and Prof. Ochuko Onomahanre, both of Delta State University. Their meekness and lecturing skills really taught me how to relate with students as if I knew I would be a lecturer. Prof. Atakpo has been my source of encouragement. Since my first degree, he has been following me up to know my next step in my academic life.