The United States has warned passport applicants not to use artificial intelligence or digitally altered images for passport photographs, saying edited pictures are one of the leading reasons applications are delayed or placed on hold.

The U.S. Department of State said passport photos must be recent, accurately reflect an applicant’s current appearance and remain completely unedited, including the use of AI tools, beauty filters or other digital enhancements.

In updated guidance published on its website, the department said applicants must submit one colour photograph taken within the last six months, with the subject facing the camera directly, maintaining a neutral facial expression, both eyes open and the mouth closed.

It said photos must be taken against a plain white or off-white background without shadows, objects or textures, and applicants should remove anything covering their faces unless required for documented religious or medical reasons.

“Submit the original, unedited photo without filters or digital changes,” the department said, warning that unacceptable photographs remain the number one reason passport applications are delayed.

The guidance also states that applicants should position themselves several feet from the camera with their head centred and fully visible, while ensuring the image is sharp, well-lit and high resolution.

The State Department cautioned that even minor digital alterations, including skin retouching, AI-generated enhancements or background modifications, could result in an application being suspended until a compliant photograph is provided.

Applicants seeking to renew or apply for a passport are advised to have their photographs taken at an authorised passport acceptance facility, a professional photo service or by a friend or family member, provided all official requirements are met.

The department also clarified that passport holders do not need to apply for a new passport for minor appearance changes such as growing a beard, colouring their hair or natural ageing. However, a new passport may be required following significant facial surgery or trauma, substantial weight changes, or the addition or removal of prominent facial tattoos or multiple piercings that materially alter a person’s appearance.