The World Health Organisation, WHO, on Monday raised the alarm that shrinking global health funding is colliding with rising disease threats and conflict, creating dangerous vulnerabilities just as countries finalise new agreements meant to prevent the next pandemic.

Opening the 158th session of the WHO Executive Board, Director-General Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said the world is facing a defining moment for global health security.

“2025 was a year of stark contrasts for our Organisation, he said, pointing to major reforms achieved alongside severe financial pressure.

While governments adopted the landmark WHO Pandemic Agreement and brought amended International Health Regulations into force, the agency itself was forced to reduce its workforce due to funding cuts.

“Significant cuts to our funding left us with no choice but to reduce the size of our workforce. Sudden and severe cuts to bilateral aid have also caused huge disruptions to health systems and services in many countries,” Tedros disclosed.

The warning comes as WHO data show deep global care gaps persist. Billions still lack access to basic services, and health costs continue to push families into poverty, while a global shortage of health workers looms.

“4.6 billion people still lack access to essential health services, and 2.1 billion people face financial hardship because of health costs. The world is facing a shortage of 11 million health workers by 2030.”

Despite the strain, the WHO chief insisted the pandemic accord represents a major step forward in global preparedness, strengthening surveillance, cooperation and equitable access to countermeasures.

“The pandemic taught all of us many lessons especially that global threats demand a global response. Solidarity is the best immunity.”

Through global surveillance initiatives, more than 110 countries have upgraded laboratory and epidemic intelligence systems, and WHO has secured access to hundreds of millions of influenza vaccine doses in the event of a pandemic. However, Tedros stressed that preparedness cannot be sustained without reliable financing.