Breast Cancer in Nigeria: A silent threat and the urgent need for awareness

Breast cancer remains the most common cancer among Nigerian women, accounting for approximately 22.7% of all female cancer cases, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Despite its prevalence, cultural taboos and misinformation continue to hinder open discussions about breast health, often leading to late diagnoses and more difficult treatment outcomes.

Ngozi RbK Okafor, with over 25 years of nursing experience and a dedication to helping women prevent major health challenges through simple yet transformative solutions, emphasizes that the key to reducing breast cancer mortality in Nigeria lies in early detection, education, and access to proper healthcare. However, many women remain unaware of the steps necessary to maintain good breast health.

“The female breast consists of fatty and connective tissue, along with milk-producing glands. Lymph nodes around the breasts help filter harmful substances and fight infections. Understanding these structures enables women to detect abnormalities early,” says Okafor.

Aside from breast cancer, Nigerian women also face other breast health challenges, such as fibroadenomas (non-cancerous lumps), breast cysts (fluid-filled sacs), and mastitis (a painful infection often affecting breastfeeding mothers). Identifying these conditions early and seeking medical advice can prevent complications.

Okafor highlights that breast cancer risk factors include genetic and lifestyle-related influences. Women with a family history of breast cancer, those experiencing early menstruation or late menopause, and those who consume excessive alcohol, smoke, or are obese face a higher risk. “While some risk factors are beyond our control, leading a healthy lifestyle can significantly reduce the chances of developing the disease,” she advises.

Medical professionals stress the importance of early detection in improving survival rates. However, many Nigerian women seek medical help only when symptoms have worsened, decreasing the likelihood of successful treatment.

Health officials recommend monthly self-breast examinations to check for lumps or unusual changes, annual clinical breast examinations by a healthcare professional, and mammograms for women over 40 or those with a family history of breast cancer to ensure early detection.

To maintain good breast health and reduce the risk of breast cancer and other breast-related issues, Okafor encourages women to perform regular self-examinations, eat a balanced diet rich in whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and omega-3 fatty acids, engage in at least 150 minutes of physical activity per week, limit alcohol intake, avoid smoking, and breastfeed, if possible, as it helps lower estrogen levels and reduces cancer risk.

Several organizations in Nigeria are dedicated to improving breast cancer awareness and providing support. Breast Without Spot (BWS) offers education and patient support, while Run For a Cure Africa provides free breast exams and awareness programs. Project Pink Blue advocates for early detection and offers free screenings, and the Nigeria Cancer Society connects patients with healthcare services. The Breast Cancer Association of Nigeria (BRECAN) supports survivors and promotes awareness. Additionally, support groups like Pink Pearl Foundation and CancerAware Nigeria provide financial assistance, counseling, and resources for women battling breast cancer.

Ngozi RbK Okafor urges Nigerian women to take charge of their breast health by adopting preventive measures and seeking medical care when necessary. Raising awareness through community discussions, media campaigns, and healthcare initiatives can help save lives.

“Too many Nigerian women neglect their breast health until it’s too late,” Okafor warns. “By sharing knowledge and encouraging early screenings, we can reduce breast cancer deaths and improve survival rates.”

As Nigeria continues to battle rising cancer rates, proactive healthcare practices, education, and government support will be crucial in turning the tide against breast cancer.

For more information on breast cancer screening and support services, visit any of the organizations mentioned above or consult a healthcare provider today.