Breastfed babies have lower risks of diabetes, other diseases later in life – Nutritionist

A nutritionist, Ms Uju Onuorah, says breastfed babies have a lower risk of type one diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and obesity later in life.

Onuorah said this in an interview with the News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) on Sunday in Abuja.

According to her, besides the fact that for newborns, breast milk is the best source of nutrients, breastfeeding also has advantages that continues into maturity.

She also said that breastfeeding has both short- and long-term preventive effects against specific ailments and disorders.

“Breastmilk contains antibodies, which help protect the infant against many common childhood illnesses.

“In the long term, breastfed children, especially exclusively breastfed infants, have been found to have a lower risk of developing obesity, type one diabetes and cardiovascular diseases later in life.

“Breastfeeding can be protective against multiple respiratory and gastrointestinal acute illnesses in some children up to at least six months of age.

“The nutrients in breastmilk can fully satisfy a baby’s nutritional demands for the first six months and after that point, it is advised that the mother continue breastfeeding for another two years while also providing the child with complementary foods.

“Both stomach and ear infections are prevented by it and numerous studies have demonstrated that there is a decreased risk of asthma, obesity, type one diabetes, and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS),” said the expert.

Onuorah also said that the immune system of a baby is strengthened by breastfeeding because breastmilk contains antibodies that are beneficial to the baby.

“Breastfeeding encourages healthy brain development and is connected to children’s and adolescents’ improved performance on Intelligence Quotient tests.

Speaking about the hormones contained in human breastmilk, the nutritionist said that they include leptin, adiponectin, Insulin Growth Factor (IGF-1), ghrelin, obestatin and resistin.

She said that these hormones were believed to contribute to various aspects of infant growth, development, metabolism and overall health outcomes in the long run.

“Breast milk also contains prolactin and oxytocin but only in small amounts as these hormones are transferred from the mother to the infant during breastfeeding.

“These hormones are naturally present in the mother’s body. Prolactin is responsible for lactation and breast tissue development, among other bodily processes, in lactating mothers.

“Oxytocin, on the other hand, facilitates the release of breast milk from the mother’s breasts and helps the uterus shrink after giving birth.

“In summary, prolactin affects the amount of breast milk the mother produces, whereas oxytocin causes the let-down reflex and the release of breast milk,” she added.

Onuorah, however, said that that the health benefits of breastfeeding were more pronounced when the mother exclusively breastfeeds her child for six months.

She therefore advised mothers to follow the World Health Organisation’s recommendation to breastfeed their babies exclusively for six months and for up to two or three years in addition to other nutritious foods.

However, for mothers, she said that mothers who breastfeed have major health benefits because they are less likely to acquire certain diseases, including ovarian and breast cancer, type two diabetes and high blood pressure.

“The mother’s recovery from childbirth can also be aided by breastfeeding. The process of nursing encourages the body to produce more oxytocin.

“Following delivery, oxytocin helps the uterus contract, hastening the return of its pre-pregnancy size, and reducing vaginal bleeding.

“It encourages the mother and child’s physical and emotional attachment because the ability to forge a close bond with your child through breastfeeding is unique and wonderful,” said Onuorah.

She also explained that for certain mothers, breastfeeding might facilitate a quicker weight loss following delivery, adding that it even costs almost nothing to breastfeed, compared to the cost of instant formula.

The nutritionist added that breastfeeding could help avoid conception.

She referred to this as Lactation Amenorrhea Method (LAM) and that though its efficacy differ with mothers, it indeed serves as a form of birth control.